Ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites and hormones in wild boar <i>Sus scrofa</i> during winter

Habitat quality and parasite assembly influence wildlife health, they are key indicators of health survivability populations. To investigate the potential ecological relationships among habitat type, food nutrients, parasites hormones in wild boar Sus scrofa, we collected samples feces available plants their by line transects during winter. Along transects, identified composition foraged measured content nutrients to estimate nutrient intake. We also quantified fecal samples. compared different forest types explored possible estimated intake, hormones. found coniferous had positive effects on fat intake negative protein fiber boar. Furthermore, revealed that was negatively correlated with Metastrongylus elongatus positively triiodothyronine (T3). In contrast, M. T3. Finally, between T3 concentrations loads Ascaris suum cortisol (COR) Trichuris suis parasites. These insights help identify dietary parameters winter could predict manage hormone responses for population recovery.